Online/Off line Cross-Domain Identity Authentication Scheme Based on Blockchain in Vehicle to Grid

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2024.04.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of poor real-time and privacy leakage easily caused by cross-domain identity authentication in Vehicle to Grid, this paper proposed an efficient cross-domain authentication scheme based on blockchain. Firstly, it adopted online/offline signature technology to sign, offline signature when the vehicle was not in use, when the vehicle was in another area for cross-domain authentication only in the offline signature on the basis of the online signature, reduced the system's computational overhead, shortened the authentication time; it used aggregated signature and verification technology, and introduced the idea of batch verification, which improved the verification efficiency. Then, the use of smart contract technology to store the vehicle public key and offline signature and other information on the blockchain reduced the storage burden of the vehicle and also protected the security of the key. Finally, by comparing with other schemes and experimental simulations, the results show that the scheme reduces the time overhead of signing and verification and has less overhead of storing information on the blockchain using smart contracts. Based on the intractability of the q-Strong Diffie-Hellman problem, the scheme is proved to be semantically secure and is shown to fulfill all expectations and security requirements.

Key words: V2G, cross-domain authentication, online/offline signature, aggregate signature, blockchain

CLC Number:

TP309

SHI Runhua, YANG Jingyi, WANG Pengbo, LIU Huawei. Online/Off line Cross-Domain Identity Authentication Scheme Based on Blockchain in Vehicle to Grid[J]. Netinfo Security, 2024, 24(4): 587-601.

Figures/Tables 14

References 21

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相关符号	含义说明
$\text{G}{{\text{S}}^{\text{A}}}$	A区域的电网服务器
$\text{G}{{\text{S}}^{\text{B}}}$	B区域的电网服务器
$\text{KGC}$	密钥生成中心
$CS_{i}^{\text{A}}$	A区域的第i个充电桩
$CS_{i}^{\text{B}}$	B区域的第i个充电桩
$EV_{i}^{\text{A}}$	A区域的第i辆汽车
$PID_{i}^{\text{A}}$	A区域第i辆汽车的假名
$(X_{i}^{\text{A}},Y_{i}^{\text{A}},Z_{i}^{\text{A}})$	A区域第i辆汽车的公钥
$(x_{i}^{\text{A}},y_{i}^{\text{A}},z_{i}^{\text{A}})$	A区域第i辆汽车的私钥
$GI{{D}^{\text{A}}}$	A区域电网服务器的身份标识
$m_{E{{V}_{i}}}^{\text{A}}$	待签名消息
$\theta _{i,j}^{\text{B}},r_{i,j}^{\text{B}},\sigma _{i,j}^{\text{B}}$	离线签名
$w_{i,j}^{\text{B}}$	在线签名

密码学操作	时间/ms
${{T}_{bp}}$	2.8530
${{T}_{h}}$	2.8678
${{T}_{sm1}}$	0.4243
${{T}_{sm2}}$	0.0843
${{T}_{E}}$	1.3443

方案	密钥生成
文献[19]方案	$3{{T}_{sm1}}+4{{T}_{E}}$
文献[20]方案	${{T}_{h}}+2{{T}_{sm1}}$
文献[21]方案	${{T}_{h}}+2{{T}_{sm1}}$
本文方案	$3{{T}_{E}}$

方案	车辆签名	聚合签名及认证
文献[19]方案	$3{{T}_{E}}+4{{T}_{sm1}}$	—
文献[20]方案	$6{{T}_{sm1}}$	$(3n+3){{T}_{bp}}+3n{{T}_{h}}+6n{{T}_{sm1}}+(n+1){{T}_{sm2}}$
文献[21]方案	$2{{T}_{h}}+4{{T}_{sm1}}$	$(2n+2){{T}_{bp}}+(2n+1){{T}_{h}}+n{{T}_{sm1}}+(2n+2){{T}_{sm2}}$
本文方案	$2{{T}_{sm1}}$	$n{{T}_{bp}}+3n{{T}_{sm1}}+(3n+1){{T}_{E}}$

基本计算或变量	通信开销/bit
${{l}_{G}}$	512
${{l}_{Z}}$	160
${{l}_{Num}}$	128
${{l}_{t}}$	32
${{l}_{h}}$	256