基于MI-PUF的V2X车联网通信安全认证协议

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2023.12.005

信息网络安全 ›› 2023, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (12): 38-48.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2023.12.005

基于MI-PUF的V2X车联网通信安全认证协议

谭伟杰¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 杨雨婷¹^,²(), 牛坤¹^,², 彭长根¹^,²^,⁴

1.贵州大学公共大数据国家重点实验室，贵阳 550025
2.贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院，贵阳 550025
3.贵州大学现代制造技术教育部重点实验室，贵阳 550025
4.贵州省大数据产业发展应用研究院，贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2023-08-18 出版日期:2023-12-10 发布日期:2023-12-13
通讯作者: 杨雨婷 E-mail:gs.yangyt22@gzu.edu.cn
作者简介:谭伟杰（1981—），男，陕西，副教授，博士，CCF会员，主要研究方向为通信信号处理、通信网络安全|杨雨婷（2000—），女，河北，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为车联网通信安全|牛坤（1985—），女，山西，讲师，博士，主要研究方向为数据安全与隐私保护|彭长根（1963—），男，贵州，教授，博士，CCF杰出会员，主要研究方向为密码学、数据安全与隐私保护
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62361010);国家自然科学基金(62266010);国家自然科学基金(62272124);国家自然科学基金(72261005);现代制造技术教育部重点实验室2021年度开放基金(GZUAMT2021KF[01]);贵州大学人才引进科研项目(贵大人基合字（2020）61号)

MI-PUF-Based Secure Authentication Protocol for V2X Communication

TAN Weijie¹^,²^,³^,⁴, YANG Yuting¹^,²(), NIU Kun¹^,², PENG Changgen¹^,²^,⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
2. College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
3. Key Laboratory of Advance Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
4. Guizhou Big Data Academy, Guiyang 550025, China

Received:2023-08-18 Online:2023-12-10 Published:2023-12-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前车联万物（Vehicle-to-Everything，V2X）中车辆与路边单元（Vehicle-to-Infrastructure，V2I）、车辆与车辆（Vehicle-to-Vehicle，V2V）通信的认证协议计算开销大、易受到攻击者假冒合法身份攻击的问题，文章提出一种基于索引图与索引提示符物理不可克隆函数（Map-Index Physical Unclonable Function，MI-PUF）的车联网通信安全认证协议。该协议引入PUF并利用其轻量级计算的特性降低车辆的计算开销和通信开销；借助PUF自身不可克隆的特性，解决身份假冒攻击问题；通过构建索引图以及哈希函数对PUF的输出信号进行处理，有效解决了机器学习攻击问题。在Dolve-Yao模型下使用形式化验证工具AVISPA验证该协议的安全性，实验结果表明，该协议能够为车联网的V2I及V2V通信提供基本的安全保障。

关键词: 物理不可克隆函数, V2X, 双向认证, MI-PUF, 车联网通信安全

Abstract:

Aiming at the current problem that the authentication protocols for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in V2X have high computational overheads and are vulnerable to attacks by attackers impersonating legitimate identities, a secure authentication protocol for V2X communication based on the Map-Index physical unclonable function (MI-PUF) is proposed. By introducing PUF to reduce the computational and communication costs of vehicles with its lightweight computing characteristics, the protocol solves the problem of identity impersonation attack with the help of PUF’s unclonable characteristics, and effectively solves the problem of machine learning attack by constructing a key-map and a hash function to process the output signal of PUF. The security under the Dolve-Yao model is verified using the formal verification tool AVISPA, and the protocol can provide basic security for V2I and V2V communication.

Key words: physical unclonable function(PUF), V2X, mutual authentication, MI-PUF, V2X communication security

中图分类号:

TP309

谭伟杰, 杨雨婷, 牛坤, 彭长根. 基于MI-PUF的V2X车联网通信安全认证协议[J]. 信息网络安全, 2023, 23(12): 38-48.

TAN Weijie, YANG Yuting, NIU Kun, PENG Changgen. MI-PUF-Based Secure Authentication Protocol for V2X Communication[J]. Netinfo Security, 2023, 23(12): 38-48.

图/表 14

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参考文献 35

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输出信号	Moving(row,column)	输出信号	Moving(row,column)
000	(1,0)	100	(-1,0)
001	(1,1)	101	(-1,-1)
010	(0,1)	110	(0,-1)
011	(-1,1)	111	(1,-1)

符号	定义
$I{{D}_{i}}$	车辆的真实身份
$PI{{D}_{i}}$	车辆的临时身份
$H()$	哈希运算
$\|\|$	连接操作符
$Index_{J}^{I}$	索引提示符，用来指向索引图以及索引图上的起始位置
${{\{M\}}_{k}}$	使用AES加密方法用$k$对$M$进行加密
$message$	RSU广播的路况信息
$PUF()$	物理不可克隆函数

协议	通信开销/bit	计算开销/ms
文献[3]协议	2112	$2{{T}_{M}}+{{T}_{H}}=11.826$
文献[23]协议	1472	$7{{T}_{M}}+20{{T}_{H}}+4{{T}_{PUF}}=42.300$
本文协议	1252	$8{{T}_{H}}+10{{T}_{E}}+6{{T}_{PUF}}+5{{T}_{S}}=8.368$

运算	执行时间/ms
${{T}_{M}}$	5.90
${{T}_{H}}$	0.026
${{T}_{E}}$	0.079
${{T}_{PUF}}$	0.12
${{T}_{S}}$	1.33

协议	双向认证	抗重放攻击	抗假冒攻击	抗中间人攻击	抗机器学习攻击
文献[4]协议	√	√	√	√	×
文献[8]协议	×	√	√	√	×
本文协议	√	√	√	√	√

基于MI-PUF的V2X车联网通信安全认证协议

MI-PUF-Based Secure Authentication Protocol for V2X Communication

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