Netinfo Security ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 364-391.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2025.03.002

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A Survey of Anomaly Detection Model for Time Series Data Based on Deep Learning

CHEN Hongsong1,2(), LIU Xinrui1, TAO Zimei1, WANG Zhiheng1   

  1. 1. School of Computer and Communication Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering for Materials Science, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2025-01-30 Online:2025-03-10 Published:2025-03-26
  • Contact: CHEN Hongsong E-mail:chenhs@ustb.edu.cn

Abstract:

Anomaly detection for time series data is an important area of data mining and network security research. This paper focuses on time series anomaly detection techniques, employing literature survey and comparison analysis to thoroughly examine the applications and research progress of deep learning models in this domain. The research firstly introduced the definition and applications of deep time series anomaly detection, followed by an identification of the nine key challenges faced in this area. Time series anomalies were categorized into ten types, and sixteen typical anomaly detection datasets were enumerated, including five datasets related to social network public opinion security. Deep time series anomaly detection models were classified, the paper categorized and summarized nearly fifty relevant models, including those based on semi-supervised incremental learning for detecting abnormal information disseminators in social networks. Furthermore, the research classified these models into three categories according to their learning modes: reconstruction-based, prediction-based, and a fusion model, their advantages, disadvantages and applications were compared. Finally, the research outlined future research directions for deep time series anomaly detection in eight key areas, providing comprehensive perspects on potential advancements in the fields, potential values and technological bottlenecks were analyzed.

Key words: deep learning, time series data, anomaly detection, model classification, social network

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