区块链共识算法Raft研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2021.06.005

信息网络安全 ›› 2021, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 36-44.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2021.06.005

区块链共识算法Raft研究

吴奕, 仲盛()

南京大学计算机科学与技术系,南京 210023

收稿日期:2021-02-04 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-07-01
通讯作者: 仲盛 E-mail:zhongsheng@nju.edu.cn
作者简介:吴奕（1975—）,男,江苏,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为网络空间安全|仲盛（1974—）,男,江苏,教授,博士,主要研究方向为网络空间安全、应用密码学
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1005900)

Research on Raft Consensus Algorithm for Blockchain

WU Yi, ZHONG Sheng()

Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

Received:2021-02-04 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-07-01
Contact: ZHONG Sheng E-mail:zhongsheng@nju.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

共识算法作为区块链技术的关键要素和核心组件,是近年来分布式系统技术发展前沿热点。随着比特币和区块链技术快速发展,新的共识算法不断被提出,改进的算法不断被验证。粗略统计,当前有正式名称的共识算法超过50种。文章首先系统地阐述和讨论了当前区块链技术中多种共识算法的分类和优缺点,然后详细论述了分布式一致性算法及共识领域里程碑式的成果和结论,最后结合相关研究对Raft区块链共识算法进行改进。

关键词: 区块链, 共识算法, 分布式系统, Raft

Abstract:

Consensus algorithm is not only a key component of blockchain technology, but also a hot topic in distributed systems research in recent years. New consensus algorithms have been proposed during the quickly-growing of Bitcoin and blockchain technology, followed by the verification of those improved algorithms. And there are more than 50 consensus algorithms which have official names. This paper studies some consensus algorithms and introduces the classic distributed consistency algorithms, as well as the milestone research efforts and the key conclusions of distributed consensus algorithms. This paper propose two approaches to improve the Raft consistency algorithms, and hope this paper could be a useful guidance and reference for the future innovation work of novel consensus algorithms and the development of blockchain technology.

Key words: blockchain, consensus algorithms, distributed systems, Raft

中图分类号:

TP309

吴奕, 仲盛. 区块链共识算法Raft研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(6): 36-44.

WU Yi, ZHONG Sheng. Research on Raft Consensus Algorithm for Blockchain[J]. Netinfo Security, 2021, 21(6): 36-44.

图/表 4

参考文献 18

[1]	NAKAMOTO S. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-peer Electronic Cash System[EB/OL]. https://bitcoin.org/bit-coin.pdf , 2019 -08-08.
[2]	SHAO Qifeng, JIN Cheqing, ZHANG Zhao, et al. Block-chain: Architecture and Research Progress[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2018,41(5):969-988.
	邵奇峰, 金澈清, 张召, 等. 区块链技术:架构及进展[J]. 计算机学报, 2018,41(5):969-988.
[3]	ZHU Li, YU Huan, ZHAN Shixiao, et al. Research on High-performance Consortium Blockchain Technology[J]. Journal of Software, 2019,30(6):1577-1593.
	朱立, 俞欢, 詹士潇, 等. 高性能联盟区块链技术研究[J]. 软件学报, 2019,30(6):1577-1593.
[4]	OUYANG Liwei, WANG Shuai, YUAN Yong, et al. Smart Contracts: Architecture and Research Progresses[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2019,45(3):445-457.
	欧阳丽炜, 王帅, 袁勇, 等. 智能合约: 架构及进展[J]. 自动化学报, 2019,45(3):445-457.
[5]	CHEN Weili, ZHENG Zibin. Blockchain Data Analysis: A Review of Status, Trends and Challenges[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2018,55(9):1853-1870.
	陈伟利, 郑子彬. 区块链数据分析:现状、趋势与挑战[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2018,55(9):1853-1870.
[6]	FISCHER M J, LYNCH N A, PATERSON M S. Impossibility of Distributed Consensus with One Faulty Process[J]. Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1985,32(2):374-382. doi: 10.1145/3149.214121 URL
[7]	GILBERT S, LYNCH N. Brewer’s Conjecture and the Feasibility of Consistent, Available, Partition-tolerant Web Services[J]. ACM SIGACT News, 2002,33(2):51-59. doi: 10.1145/564585.564601 URL
[8]	BREWER E. Towards Robust Distributed Systems[C]// ACM. 19th Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, July 16-19, 2000, Portland, Oregon, USA. New York: ACM, 2000: 7-10.
[9]	YUAN Yong, NI Xiaochun, ZENG Shuai, et al. Blockchain Consensus Algorithms: the State of the Art and Future Trends[J]. Acta Automatica Sinica, 2018,44(11):2011-2022.
	袁勇, 倪晓春, 曾帅, 等. 区块链共识算法的发展现状与展望[J]. 自动化学报, 2018,44(11):2011-2022.
[10]	ZHENG Min, WANG Hong, LIU Hong, et al. Survey on Consensus Algorithms of Blockchain[J]. Netinfo Security, 2019,19(7):8-24.
	郑敏, 王虹, 刘洪, 等. 区块链共识算法研究综述[J]. 信息网络安全, 2019,19(7):8-24.
[11]	ARK. Ark: All-in-one Blockchain Solutions[EB/OL]. http://www.ark.io , 2019-08-08.
[12]	LI Fang, LI Zhuoran, ZHAO He. Research on the Progress in Cross-chain Technology of Blockchains[J]. Journal of Software, 2019,30(6):1649-1660.
	李芳, 李卓然, 赵赫. 区块链跨链技术进展研究[J]. 软件学报, 2019,30(6):1649-1660.
[13]	PAN Chen, LIU Zhiqiang, LIU Zhen, et al. Research on Scalability of Blockchain Technology: Problems and Methods[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2018,55(10):2099-2110.
	潘晨, 刘志强, 刘振, 等. 区块链可扩展性研究:问题与方法[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2018,55(10):2099-2110.
[14]	LAMPORT L. Paxos Made Simple[J]. ACM SIGACT News, 2001,32(4):51-58.
[15]	ONGARO D, OUSTERHOUT J K. In Search of an Understandable Consensus Algorithm[C]// ACM. 2014 USENIX Conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 19-20, 2014, Philadelphia, PA. New York: ACM, 2014: 305-320.
[16]	PACHECO P S. An Introduction to Parallel Programming[EB/OL]. https://is.muni.cz/publication/1123129?lang=en , 2020-11-12.
[17]	QUINN M J. Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP[M]. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004.
[18]	REED F J B. ZooKeeper: Distributed Process Coordination[M]. California Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media, Inc., 2015.

区块链共识算法Raft研究

Research on Raft Consensus Algorithm for Blockchain

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	李鹏, 郑田甜, 徐鹤, 朱枫. 基于区块链技术的RFID安全认证协议[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(5): 1-11.
[2]	周由胜, 钟天琦. 基于区块链的公平交换方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(5): 19-30.
[3]	刘子昂, 黄缘缘, 马佳利, 周睿. 基于区块链的医疗数据滥用监控平台设计与实现[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(5): 58-66.
[4]	芦效峰, 付淞兵. 属性基加密和区块链结合的可信数据访问控制方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(3): 7-8.
[5]	张应辉, 朱甜, 郑东. 基于区块链的多关键字细粒度可搜索加密方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(2): 34-44.
[6]	储志强, 仵冀颖, 徐磊, 杜聪. 基于区块链的分布式离链存储框架设计[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(2): 87-93.
[7]	刘峰, 杨杰, 齐佳音. 基于哈希证明系统的区块链两方椭圆曲线数字签名算法研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2021, 21(1): 19-26.
[8]	韩磊, 陈武平, 曾志强, 曾颖明. 区块链层级网络结构与应用研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(9): 112-116.
[9]	汪金苗, 谢永恒, 王国威, 李易庭. 基于属性基加密的区块链隐私保护与访问控制方法[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(9): 47-51.
[10]	石润华, 石泽. 基于区块链技术的物联网密钥管理方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(8): 1-8.
[11]	李莉, 曾庆贤, 文义红, 王士成. 基于区块链与代理重加密的数据共享方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(8): 16-24.
[12]	边玲玉, 张琳琳, 赵楷, 石飞. 基于LightGBM的以太坊恶意账户检测方法[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(4): 73-80.
[13]	毛志来, 刘亚楠, 孙惠平, 陈钟. 区块链性能扩展与安全研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(3): 56-64.
[14]	郎为民, 张汉, 赵毅丰, 姚晋芳. 一种基于区块链的物联网行为监控和活动管理方案[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(2): 22-29.
[15]	姚萌萌, 唐黎, 凌永兴, 肖卫东. 基于串空间的安全协议形式化分析研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(2): 30-36.