信息网络安全 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (9): 37-41.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2020.09.008

• 入选论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

MQTT安全大规模测量研究

徐绘凯1,2, 刘跃1(), 马振邦1, 段海新1,2   

  1. 1. 奇安信科技集团股份有限公司,北京 100081
    2. 清华大学网络科学与网络空间研究院,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-16 出版日期:2020-09-10 发布日期:2020-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘跃 E-mail:liuyue01@qianxin.com
  • 作者简介:徐绘凯(1990—),男,河南,工程师,硕士,主要研究方向为物联网安全|刘跃(1987—),男,安徽,硕士,主要研究方向为物联网安全|马振邦(1995—),男,山东,本科,主要研究方向为物联网安全|段海新(1972—),男,山东,教授,博士,主要研究方向为网络空间安全

A Large-scale Measurement Study of MQTT Security

XU Huikai1,2, LIU Yue1(), MA Zhenbang1, DUAN Haixin1,2   

  1. 1. QI-ANXIN Technology Group Inc., Beijing 100081,China
    2. Institute for Network Science and Cyberspace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2020-07-16 Online:2020-09-10 Published:2020-10-15
  • Contact: Yue LIU E-mail:liuyue01@qianxin.com

摘要:

消息队列遥测传输协议(MQTT)是物联网中广泛使用的一个轻量级通信协议。通过对全国范围内MQTT协议部署情况进行测量,发现了27949个暴露在公网上的MQTT服务,其中超过80%的服务器使用明文传输数据,57%的MQTT服务器完全没有进行客户端身份认证。即使有的服务器使用了支持认证和加密的TLS协议,其证书部署情况也十分糟糕,仅有20.94%的证书可以通过可信证书的验证流程。文章分析了MQTT服务器容易遭受的隐私窃取、中间人攻击、设备远程篡改等安全威胁,提出了关于MQTT服务器的防御方案及下一步工作。

关键词: 物联网, MQTT, 中间人攻击

Abstract:

Message Queue Telemetry Transmission Protocol (MQTT) is a lightweight protocol widely used in the Internet of Things. Through the measurement of the deployment of MQTT protocol nationwide, 27949 MQTTs are found exposed on the public network, more than 80% of the servers transmit data in plain text, and 57% of the MQTT servers do not perform client authentication at all. Even if some MQTT servers use TLS protocol which supports authentication and encryption, certificate deployment is vulnerable. Only 20.94% of the certificates can pass the verification process of trusted certificate. This paper analyzes the security threats of MQTT server, such as privacy theft, man-in the-middle attack, remote tampering of equipment, and puts forward the defense scheme and the next step work of MQTT server.

Key words: IoT, MQTT, man-in-the-middle attack

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