A Lightweight Dynamic Node Participation Scheme for Federated Learning Nodes Supporting Attribute Update

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2026.01.009

Abstract

Abstract:

The dynamic node participation and exit process can effectively enhance the flexibility in asynchronous federated learning (FL) environment. However, in scenarios involving data privacy and security, ensuring the legitimacy and secure exit of participating nodes is crucial. This paper proposed a lightweight dynamic node participation scheme for federated learning nodes supporting attribute update. Firstly, by introducing attribute-based encryption and revocation mechanisms, this paper designed a secure and flexible participation mechanism that can support nodes to dynamically join or exit during the participation process according to the predetermined security policy, and can effectively respond to changes in node attributes, ensuring data privacy. Secondly, this scheme combined blockchain technology and used its smart contract mechanism to record the operation content, achieving the openness and transparency of the system operation process and enhancing the security of attribute revocation. Through scheme analysis, this paper have proved that the ciphertext generated by the algorithm has good indistinguishability. The performance analysis also effectively demonstrates the advantages of this scheme.

Key words: asynchronous federated learning, node participation, dynamic exit, attribute-based encryption, revocability

CLC Number:

TP309

ZHENG Kaifa, LUO Zhenpeng, LIU Jiayi, LIU Zhiquan, WANG Ze, WU Yunkun. A Lightweight Dynamic Node Participation Scheme for Federated Learning Nodes Supporting Attribute Update[J]. Netinfo Security, 2026, 26(1): 102-114.

Figures/Tables 5

References 28

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方案	联邦学习	属性撤销	外包解密	终端轻量级计算
本文方案	√	√	√	√
文献[22]方案	?	?	√	√
文献[23]方案	?	?	√	√
文献[24]方案	?	?	√	√
文献[25]方案	?	?	?	?
文献[26]方案	?	?	√	√
文献[27]方案	?	?	√	√
文献[28]方案	?	?	√	√

方案	DO加密开销	DO解密开销	PS解密开销
本文方案	$3{{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	${{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	$3P+\left( \left\| S \right\|+2 \right){{E}_{T}}$
文献[22]方案	$\left( l+j+3 \right){{E}_{1}}+P$	$P$	$\left( \left\| S \right\|+2 \right)P$
文献[23]方案	$2\vartheta \left( {{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}} \right)$	$2{{E}_{T}}$	$\left( 4+\left\| S \right\| \right)P+\left\| S \right\|{{E}_{T}}$
文献[24]方案	$4{{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	${{E}_{T}}$	$\left( 2\left\| S \right\|+3 \right)P+\left\| S \right\|{{E}_{T}}$
文献[25]方案	$\left( 3l+1 \right){{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	$\left( 2S+1 \right)P+\left\| S \right\|{{E}_{T}}$	—
文献[26]方案	$\left( 5l+3 \right){{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	$4{{E}_{1}}+2{{E}_{T}}$	$\left\| I \right\|{{E}_{T}}+\left( 3\left\| I \right\|+1 \right)P$
文献[27]方案	$\left( 3l+1 \right){{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	${{E}_{T}}$	$\left\| I \right\|{{E}_{T}}+\left( 2\left\| I \right\|+1 \right)P$
文献[28]方案	$\left( 5l+2 \right){{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	$2{{E}_{1}}+{{E}_{T}}$	$\left\| I \right\|{{E}_{T}}+\left( 3\left\| I \right\|+1 \right)P$

方案	DO密钥	DO密文	CSP密文
本文方案	$2\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| Z_{P}^{{}} \right\|$	$\left\| {{G}_{1}} \right\|$	$4\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|$
文献[22]方案	$\left( \left\| S \right\|+4 \right)\left\| G1 \right\|+\left\| Z_{p}^{*} \right\|$	$\left( 2l+5+j \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|$	—
文献[23]方案	$2\vartheta \left( \left\| {{G}_{1}} \right\|+\left\| {{G}_{T}} \right\| \right)$	$\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|$	$3\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|$
文献[24]方案	$\left( \left\| S \right\|+2 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| Z_{p}^{*} \right\|$	$\begin{align} & \left( m+1 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+ \\ & \left( m+2 \right)\left\| Z_{p}^{*} \right\| \\ \end{align}$	$\begin{align} & \left( m+l+4 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+ \\ & \left( m+2 \right)\left\| Z_{p}^{*} \right\| \\ \end{align}$
文献[25]方案	$\left( \left\| S \right\|+2 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|$	$\left( 4l+1 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|$	—
文献[26]方案	$\left( 2\left\| S \right\|+4 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+4\left\| Z_{P}^{{}} \right\|$	—	$(3l+3)\|G\|+\|{{G}_{T}}\|+l_{HA_{2}^{{}}}^{{}}$
文献[27]方案	$\left( \left\| S \right\|+2 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| Z_{P}^{{}} \right\|$	—	$\left( 2l+1 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|+l_{HA_{2}^{{}}}^{{}}$
文献[28]方案	$\left( 2\left\| S \right\|+3 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+2\left\| Z_{P}^{{}} \right\|$	—	$\left( 3l+2 \right)\left\| G_{1}^{{}} \right\|+\left\| G_{T}^{{}} \right\|+l_{HA_{2}^{{}}}^{{}}$