Research on Hardware Vulnerabilities Mining Method for Industrial Control Device Based on Dynamic Taint Analysis

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2019.04.006

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, security events of industrial control system have occurred frequently. The vulnerabilities statistics of CNNVD and CVND show that the number of vulnerabilities in industrial control hardware is increasing year by year. Therefore, the research on exploiting vulnerabilities in industrial control hardware is of great significance to improve the safety of industrial control system. This paper chooses PLC firmware as the object of vulnerability mining and presents a method of hardware vulnerability mining of industrial control equipment based on dynamic stain analysis. This paper gives the taint propagation rules and the sensitive field quantization rules based on risk weight, which are used to generate guidance information to construct fuzzy test cases. This paper designs and implements a PLC_Taint Fuzzer vulnerability mining system. By setting up fuzzy test contrast experiment, this paper proves the efficiency of the method in vulnerability mining of industrial control equipment such as PLC.

Key words: PLC, guided fuzzy test, risk weight, vulnerability mining

CLC Number:

TP309

Bin DUAN, Lan LI, Jun LAI, Jun ZHAN. Research on Hardware Vulnerabilities Mining Method for Industrial Control Device Based on Dynamic Taint Analysis[J]. Netinfo Security, 2019, 19(4): 47-54.

Figures/Tables 7

危险权重	指令分类	示例	危险性说明
3	Move指令集	mov r4, r5 若源操作寄存器r4的内容被污染,则执行操作后,寄存器r5中的内容被污染	涉及污点数据转移
	Store指令集	smw r4, 0x4(r1) 该指令将寄存器r4中的16位数据写入有效地址为r1+4的内存中。如果源操作数被污染,则执行操作后,目的操作数被污染	涉及内存破坏：通过变异存储指令访问的目标内存地址依赖的TDU,可以造成存储的目的内存不存在或内存破坏
	Load指令集	lwz r4, 0x4(r1) 该指令读取有效地址为r1+4的内存中的16位数据,加载至寄存器r4中。如果源操作数被污染,则执行操作后,目的操作数被污染	涉及访问越界：通过变异装载指令访问的目标内存地址依赖的TDU,可以造成装载的目的内存不存在或者访问特定内存地址以窃取数据
2	跳转指令	1）mtctr r4 2）bclr 指令1）将寄存器r4的值传递给专用寄存器ctr;指令2）跳转到寄存器ctr指向的地址执行,并设置寄存器lr中内容为下一条转移目标地址。如果寄存器r4的值被污染,则寄存器ctr指向的跳转地址被污染	涉及任意代码执行：通过变异跳转地址所依赖的字段,可能导致程序执行任意代码
	危险函数： Strcpy()、sprintf()、	char strcpy(char dest,const char *src) strcpy()将参数src所指向的字符串复制到参数dest所指向的地址,如果src被污染,则dest被污染	涉及缓冲区溢出：如果参数dest所指的内存空间不够大,可能会造成缓冲区溢出的错误情况
	内存敏感函数： Malloc()、realloc()、calloc()、memcpy()	void *malloc(int size) 传入malloc()的参数size如果被污染,则malloc()被污染	涉及缓冲区溢出：通过变异参数size所依赖的TDU,影响内存分配大小,可能造成缓冲区溢出
1	加减运算指令集、比较运算指令集	add r4, r5 寄存器r5的值如果被污染,则寄存器r4也被污染	涉及函数分支条件、地址运算等：为2、3级危险权重指令提供污点传播基础

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指令分类	指令示例
整数加载（Load）	lbz、lhz、lha、lwz、lmz、…
整数存储（Store）	stb、sth、stw、stmw、…

指令分类	指令示例
比较指令	cmp、cmpi、cmpw、cmpwi、…
转移指令	b、bc、bclr、bcctr、…
算数运算指令	add、sub、adde、addo、div、…
逻辑运算指令	and、xor、or、…
特殊寄存器传送指令	mfmsr、mtmsr、mfsr、mtsr、…
系统调用与返回指令	sr、rfi…

测试工具	测试用例数/个	测试时间/min	漏洞触发数/个
Peach	26923	8h50	0
PLC_TaintFuzzer	2327	4h32	3