基于复杂网络的智能电网网络攻击影响分析研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2020.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文章基于复杂网络理论,将智能电网抽象为由节点、边构成的拓扑网络结构,分别从仿真网络构建和网络攻击仿真模拟两个方面建立了基于复杂网络理论的智能电网网络攻击仿真流程。首先,构建仿真网络并分析仿真网络节点度分布和节点度数累积概率分布情况,得出该网络为无标度网络的结论。其次,进行网络攻击仿真模拟,设置两种攻击情形,分别为针对智能电网全部网络节点进行随机攻击（情形1）和针对智能电网网络中度数大于最大度数80%的节点进行攻击（情形2）,通过对比分析两种攻击情形中的网络聚类系数、平均度、平均路径长度的变化特征,得出在对网络聚类系数的降低方面,情形1的作用小于情形2的作用;在平均度变化和网络平均路径长度影响方面,情形1的影响高于情形2。

关键词: 复杂网络, 智能电网网络, 网络攻击, 仿真模拟

Abstract:

Based on the complex network theory, this paper abstracts the smart grid into the topological network structure composed of nodes and edges, and establishes the simulation process of smart grid network attack based on the complex network theory from the two aspects of simulation network construction and network attack simulation. Firstly, the simulation network is constructed and the distribution of the node degree and the cumulative probability distribution of the node degree are analyzed. It is concluded that the network is a scale-free network. Secondly, perform network attack simulation and set up two attack cases, namely, random attacks against all network nodes in the smart grid (case 1) and attacks against nodes with a degree greater than 80% of the maximum degree in the smart grid network (case 2). By comparing and analyzing the changing characteristics of the network clustering coefficient, average degree, and average path length in the two attack cases. It is found that the effect of case 1 is smaller than the effect of case 2 in reducing the network clustering coefficient. In terms of the average degree change and the average path length of the network, the impact of case 1 is higher than case 2.

Key words: complex network, smart grid network, network attack, simulation

中图分类号:

TP309

董威, 李永刚. 基于复杂网络的智能电网网络攻击影响分析研究[J]. 信息网络安全, 2020, 20(1): 52-60.

DONG Wei, LI Yonggang. Research on Analysis of Attacks on Smart Grid Network Based on Complex Network[J]. Netinfo Security, 2020, 20(1): 52-60.

图/表 12

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表1

参考文献 22

[1]	ZHU Wenbao, MILANOVIĆ J V.Cyber-Physical System Failure Analysis Based on Complex Network Theory[C]// IEEE. IEEE EUROCON 2017-17th International Conference on Smart Technologies. July 6-8, 2017, Ohrid, Macedonia. New York: IEEE, 2017: 571-575.
[2]	LIN Tao, FAN Xingyuan, XU Xialing.Summary of Power System Vulnerability Assessment Methods[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2010, 25(4): 20-24.
	林涛,范杏元,徐遐龄.电力系统脆弱性评估方法研究综述[J].电力科学与技术学报,2010,25(4):20-24.
[3]	LIU Dong, SHENG Wanxing, WANG Yun, et al.Key Technologies and Trends of Cyber Physical System for Power Grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(14): 3522-3531.
	刘东,盛万兴,王云,等.电网信息物理系统的关键技术及其进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3522-3531.
[4]	WANG Xianpei, ZHU Guowei, HE Ruijuan, et al.Survey of Cascading Failures in Cyber Physical Power System Based on Complex Network Theory[J]. Power System Technology, 2017, 41(9): 2947-2956.
	王先培,朱国威,贺瑞娟,等.复杂网络理论在电力CPS连锁故障研究中的应用综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):2947-2956.
[5]	GUO Jia.Reserch on Vulnerability Assessment Method of Power Grid Information Physical System Considering Cascading Fault[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2017.
	郭嘉. 考虑连锁故障的电网信息物理系统脆弱性评估方法研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[6]	SHI Libao, JIAN Zhou.Vulnerability Assessment of Cyber Physical Power System Based on Dynamic Attack-Defense Game Model[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(17):99-105.
	石立宝,简洲.基于动态攻防博弈的电力信息物理融合系统脆弱性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(17):99-105.
[7]	GUO Jing, WANG Dongrui.Vulnerability Analysis on Power Communication Network Based on Complex Network Theory[J]. Telecommunications for Electric Power System, 2009, 30(203): 6-10.
	郭静,王东蕊.基于复杂网络理论的电力通信网脆弱性分析[J].电力系统通信,2009,30(203):6-10.
[8]	MEI Dan, WANG Gongbao, HU Weiwen, et al.Vulnerability Analysis of Power System Based on Complex Networks theory[J]. Electronic Design Engineering, 2014, 22(6): 190-192.
	梅丹,王公宝,胡伟文,等.基于复杂网络理论的电力系统脆弱性研究概述[J].电子设计工程,2014,22(6):190-192.
[9]	CHEN Xiaogang, SUN Ke, CAO Yijia.Structural Vulnerability Analysis of Large Power Grid Based on Complex Network Theory[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2007, 22(10): 138-144.
	陈晓刚,孙可,曹一家.基于复杂网络理论的大电网结构脆弱性分析[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(10):138-144.
[10]	LIU Dichen, JI Xingpei, WANG Bo, et al.Topological Vulnerability Analysis and Countermeasures of Electrical Communication Network Based on Complex Network Theory[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(12): 3615-3621.
	刘涤尘,冀星沛,王波,等.基于复杂网络理论的电力通信网拓扑脆弱性分析及对策[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3615-3621.
[11]	ZHAO Yang, LI Huaqiang, WANG Yimiao, et al.A Complex Network Theory and Conditional Probability Based Risk Assessment Method for Disastrous Accidents[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(11): 3191-3195.
	赵阳,李华强,王伊渺,等.基于复杂网络理论和条件概率的灾难性事故风险评估方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(11):3191-3195.
[12]	WEI Zhenbo, GOU Jing.An Overview on Application of Complex Network Theory in Power System Analysis[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(1):279-287.
	魏震波,苟竞.复杂网络理论在电网分析中的应用与探讨[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):279-287.
[13]	CAI Zexiang, WANG Xinghua, REN Xiaona.A Review of Complex Network Theory and Its Application in Power Systems[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(11): 114-121.
	蔡泽祥,王星华,任晓娜.复杂网络理论及其在电力系统中的应用研究综述[J].电网技术,2012,36(11):114-121.
[14]	WEI Zhenbo.Overview of Complex Networks Community Structure and Its Applications in Electric Power Network Analysis[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(7): 1567-1577.
	魏震波. 复杂网络社区结构及其在电网分析中的应用研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1567-1577.
[15]	WEI Zhenbo, LIU Junyong, ZHU Guojun, et al.Vulnerability Evaluation Model to Power Grid Based on Reliability-Parameter-Weighted Topological Model[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2010, 25(8): 131-136.
	魏震波,刘俊勇,朱国俊,等.基于可靠性加权拓扑模型下的电网脆弱性评估模型[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(8):131-136.
[16]	ZHOU Yanheng, WU Junyong, CHEN Qichao, et al.Kruskal Algorithm Based Assessment on Power System Structural Vulnerability[J]. Power System Technology, 2013, 37(11): 3172-3177.
	周彦衡,吴俊勇,陈启超,等.基于克鲁斯卡尔算法的电力系统结构脆弱性评估[J].电网技术,2013,37(11):3172-3177.
[17]	JI Xingpei, WANG Bo, LIU Dichen, et al.Review on Interdependent Networks Theory and Its Applications in the Structural Vulnerability Analysis of Electrical Cyber-Physical System[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(17):4521-4532.
	冀星沛,王波,刘涤尘.相依网络理论及其在电力信息—物理系统结构脆弱性分析中的应用综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4521-4532.
[18]	JI Xingpei.Research on the Structural Vulnerability of Power Information Physical System Based on the Theory of Interdependence Network[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2016.
	冀星沛. 基于相互依存网络理论的电力信息—物理系统结构脆弱性研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2016.
[19]	WU Runze, ZHANG Baojian, TANG Liangrui.A Cascading Failure Based Nodal Importance Evaluation Method Applied in Dual Network Coupling Model[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(4): 1053-1058.
	吴润泽,张保健,唐良瑞.双网耦合模型中基于级联失效的节点重要度评估[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):1053-1058.
[20]	YANG Guotai, WANG Yufei, LUO Jianbo, et al.Electric CPS Information Network Vulnerability and Assessment Method[J]. Electric Power, 2018, 51(1): 83-89.
	杨国泰,王宇飞,罗剑波,等.电力CPS信息网络脆弱性及其评估方法[J].中国电力,2018,51(1):83-89.
[21]	LIU Hongkun, ZHOU Tao.Empirical Study of Chinese City Airline Network[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2007, 56(1): 106-112.
	刘宏鲲,周涛.中国城市航空网络的实证研究与分析[J].物理学报, 2007,56(1):106-112.
[22]	LU Pengli, DONG Men, CAO Le.Analysis of Influence of Clustering Coefficient as Its Index on Robustness of Complex Network[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2019, 45(3): 101-107.
	卢鹏丽,董璊,曹乐.聚类系数指标对复杂网络鲁棒性的影响分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2019,45(3):101-107.

攻击类型	聚类系数	网络平均度	网络平均路径长度
未发生攻击	0.18493	8.56	2.3145
情形1	[0.1709,0.1909]	[8,8.3]	[2.337,2.376]
情形2	[0.1762,0.1851]	[8.35,8.53]	[2.318,2.344]