Abstract:

Quantum computing’s inherent parallelism underscores its immense potential in cryptography and in information security, where Hash function security stands paramount. Consequently, the emergence of post-quantum cryptography underscores the importance of Hash functions research in this new era. This paoper proposed an MD5 collision attack model based on Grover’s quantum search algorithm. This model applied modular difference analysis to constrain input quantum superposition states. The goal was to seek the target state meeting collision criteria. Upon finding it, this paper constructed a colliding message based on the identified difference. Moreover, this paper delved into the iterative procedures and pivotal operations of quantum search algorithms. This paper also crafted tailored Oracle black box quantum circuits, and assessed the performance of these circuits to evaluate their effectiveness. Findings reveal that this model drastically cuts down on computational intricacies during attacks. It presents novel perspectives and approaches for the research of Hash functions in the post-quantum cryptography era. It also provides useful reference for defending against such attacks.

Key words: quantum computing, collision attack, Grover’s quantum search algorithm, MD5 algorithm