MI-PUF-Based Secure Authentication Protocol for V2X Communication

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2023.12.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the current problem that the authentication protocols for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in V2X have high computational overheads and are vulnerable to attacks by attackers impersonating legitimate identities, a secure authentication protocol for V2X communication based on the Map-Index physical unclonable function (MI-PUF) is proposed. By introducing PUF to reduce the computational and communication costs of vehicles with its lightweight computing characteristics, the protocol solves the problem of identity impersonation attack with the help of PUF’s unclonable characteristics, and effectively solves the problem of machine learning attack by constructing a key-map and a hash function to process the output signal of PUF. The security under the Dolve-Yao model is verified using the formal verification tool AVISPA, and the protocol can provide basic security for V2I and V2V communication.

Key words: physical unclonable function(PUF), V2X, mutual authentication, MI-PUF, V2X communication security

CLC Number:

TP309

TAN Weijie, YANG Yuting, NIU Kun, PENG Changgen. MI-PUF-Based Secure Authentication Protocol for V2X Communication[J]. Netinfo Security, 2023, 23(12): 38-48.

Figures/Tables 14

References 35

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输出信号	Moving(row,column)	输出信号	Moving(row,column)
00	(1,0)	10	(0,-1)
01	(-1,0)	11	(0,1)

输出信号	Moving(row,column)	输出信号	Moving(row,column)
000	(1,0)	100	(-1,0)
001	(1,1)	101	(-1,-1)
010	(0,1)	110	(0,-1)
011	(-1,1)	111	(1,-1)

符号	定义
$I{{D}_{i}}$	车辆的真实身份
$PI{{D}_{i}}$	车辆的临时身份
$H()$	哈希运算
$\|\|$	连接操作符
$Index_{J}^{I}$	索引提示符，用来指向索引图以及索引图上的起始位置
${{\{M\}}_{k}}$	使用AES加密方法用$k$对$M$进行加密
$message$	RSU广播的路况信息
$PUF()$	物理不可克隆函数

协议	通信开销/bit	计算开销/ms
文献[3]协议	2112	$2{{T}_{M}}+{{T}_{H}}=11.826$
文献[23]协议	1472	$7{{T}_{M}}+20{{T}_{H}}+4{{T}_{PUF}}=42.300$
本文协议	1252	$8{{T}_{H}}+10{{T}_{E}}+6{{T}_{PUF}}+5{{T}_{S}}=8.368$

运算	执行时间/ms
${{T}_{M}}$	5.90
${{T}_{H}}$	0.026
${{T}_{E}}$	0.079
${{T}_{PUF}}$	0.12
${{T}_{S}}$	1.33