Quantum Cheque Protocol Based on Bell States

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2022.06.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and non-cloning principle in quantum mechanics, quantum money with quantum states as the carrier has certain advantages in anti-counterfeiting, anti-double-spending and anti-quantum computing. In this paper, according to the scenarios of bank, cheque issuer and receiver for cheque generation, issuance and verification, a quantum cheque protocol using Bell state is proposed, and its correctness, verifiability, unforgeability, non-repudiation and tamper-proof are analyzed. Compared with the existing quantum cheque schemes, this protocol reduces the requirement of quantum entanglement and improves the feasibility of implementation.

Key words: quantum cheque, quantum money, Bell state

CLC Number:

TP309

JIA Hengyue, LIU Kangting, WU Xia, WANG Maoning. Quantum Cheque Protocol Based on Bell States[J]. Netinfo Security, 2022, 22(6): 38-43.

Figures/Tables 3

References 30

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Bell基测量结果	Alice执行的Pauli操作	粒子${{B}_{i}}$和${{C}_{i}}$所处状态
$\left\| {{\Phi }^{+}} \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Phi }^{-}} \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Psi }^{+}} \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Psi }^{-}} \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $

银行测量前${{B}_{i}}$和${{C}_{i}}$所处状态	${{B}_{i}}$测量结果	银行执行的Pauli操作	${{C}_{i}}$所处状态
${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $	$\left\| + \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
	$\left\| - \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $	$\left\| + \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
	$\left\| - \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $