关键词: 量子身份认证, 量子加密, 量子通信, Bell态

Abstract:

This paper proposes a new quantum identity authentication protocol based on Bell states which can realize two users simultaneously authenticate each other. Compared with previous quantum identity authentication protocols, this protocol can achieve bidirectional simultaneous identity authentication without the third party which is a trusted certification authority in some previous protocols. Therefore various unsafe factors are avoided in this protocol. The decoy-particle and entangle state’s correlation check method are used to ensure that the quantum states transmitted between the authentication parties are not changed. At the same time, the classical information transmitted between the authentication parties is calculated by the secure one-way Hash function, which can guarantee the security of the process of identity authentication. This protocol can certify two bits classical string with one Bell state which can save much quantum resources. The operations that users need to execute are classical XOR operations which make this protocol easier to be implemented. Analysis shows that this protocol can resist various inside and outside attacks such as intercept-resend attack and man-in-the-middle attack.

Key words: quantum identity authentication, quantum cryptography, quantum communication, Bell state