BFT问责机制综述

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2024.01.002

信息网络安全 ›› 2024, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 14-23.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2024.01.002

BFT问责机制综述

孙惠平¹(), 周进爵¹, 刘澍轩¹, 陈钟²

1.北京大学软件与微电子学院，北京 102600
2.北京大学计算机学院，北京 100871

收稿日期:2023-12-11 出版日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-24
通讯作者: 孙惠平 E-mail:sunhp@ss.pku.edu.cn
作者简介:孙惠平（1975—），男，江苏，讲师，硕士，CCF会员，主要研究方向为身份认证、区块链和智能风控|周进爵（2000—），男，山西，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为区块链技术及应用|刘澍轩（2000—），男，青海，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为区块链技术及应用|陈钟（1964—），男，江苏，教授，博士，CCF会士，主要研究方向为信息安全和区块链
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62172010);南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划(202001073)

Survey on Byzantine Fault Tolerance Accountability Mechanisms

SUN Huiping¹(), ZHOU Jinjue¹, LIU Shuxuan¹, CHEN Zhong²

1. School of Software & Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 102600, China
2. School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2023-12-11 Online:2024-01-10 Published:2024-01-24
Contact: SUN Huiping E-mail:sunhp@ss.pku.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

拜占庭容错（Byzantine Fault Tolerance，BFT）协议在保障区块链或分布式系统在面临节点故障和恶意行为时的一致性和可靠性方面发挥着关键作用。BFT问责机制通过记录和共享共识过程中的共识节点行为，旨在识别拜占庭节点，并能够有效解决在拜占庭节点数量超过1/3时，传统的BFT协议无法确保安全性和活性的问题。文章系统地总结了目前已有的BFT问责协议，包括服务端问责机制、客户端问责机制和BFT内嵌问责机制。文章还对这些机制进行比较和分析，探讨了存在的挑战，并展望了未来可能的发展方向。

关键词: 拜占庭容错, 问责机制, 客户端问责, 服务器端问责

Abstract:

The Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) protocol plays a crucial role in ensuring the consistency and reliability of blockchain or distributed systems in the face of node failures and malicious behavior. The BFT accountability mechanism aims to identify Byzantine nodes by recording and sharing the behavior of consensus nodes during the consensus process. It is designed to effectively address the security and liveness issues that traditional BFT protocols cannot guarantee when the number of Byzantine nodes exceeds 1/3. This paper systematically summarized existing BFT accountability protocols, including server-side accountability mechanisms, client-side accountability mechanisms, and embedded BFT accountability mechanisms. Through a comprehensive comparison and analysis of these involved mechanisms, this paper delved into the challenges and anticipated possible future directions.

Key words: BFT, accountability mechanism, client-side accountability, server-side accountability

中图分类号:

TP309

孙惠平, 周进爵, 刘澍轩, 陈钟. BFT问责机制综述[J]. 信息网络安全, 2024, 24(1): 14-23.

SUN Huiping, ZHOU Jinjue, LIU Shuxuan, CHEN Zhong. Survey on Byzantine Fault Tolerance Accountability Mechanisms[J]. Netinfo Security, 2024, 24(1): 14-23.

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参数	含义
m	问责机制能找出的拜占庭节点数量上限
k	生成作恶证据所需的诚实节点记录数量下限
d	发生共识错误时，能找到的拜占庭节点数量
f	系统能容忍的最多作恶节点数量
n	系统中的节点总数，n = 3f + 1

问责机制	问责检测方	问责能力			问责复杂度
问责机制	问责检测方	m	k	d	问责复杂度
PeerReview	服务端	n	1	1	O(rn²) ≥ O(n³)
Polygraph	服务端	n-2	1	f+1	O(n⁴)
BFT-Forensics	客户端	2f	1	f+1	O(n²)
IA-CCF	客户端	n	1	f+1	O(n²)

BFT问责机制综述

Survey on Byzantine Fault Tolerance Accountability Mechanisms

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