基于区块链的司法数据管理及电子证据存储机制

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2022.02.003

信息网络安全 ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 21-31.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2022.02.003

基于区块链的司法数据管理及电子证据存储机制

王健¹(), 张蕴嘉¹^,², 刘吉强¹, 陈志浩³

1.北京交通大学智能交通数据安全与隐私保护技术北京市重点实验室,北京 100044
2.中国铁路太原局集团有限公司信息技术所,太原 030013
3.北京计算机技术及应用研究所,北京 100854

收稿日期:2021-09-09 出版日期:2022-02-10 发布日期:2022-02-16
通讯作者: 王健 E-mail:wangjian@bjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:王健（1975—）,男,山东,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为密码应用、区块链、网络安全、智能计算|张蕴嘉（1996—）,女,河北,硕士,主要研究方向为密码学算法协议、区块链隐私保护|刘吉强（1973—）,男,山东,教授,博士,主要研究方向为可信计算、隐私保护、云计算安全|陈志浩（1982—）,男,福建,研究员,硕士,主要研究方向为网络安全防护、信息对抗
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2103800);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(N2020W005)

Blockchain-based Mechanism for Judicial Data Management and Electronic Evidence Storage

WANG Jian¹(), ZHANG Yunjia¹^,², LIU Jiqiang¹, CHEN Zhihao³

1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
2. Information Technology Institute, China Rail Way TaiYuan Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030013, China
3. Beijing Institute of Computer Technology and Applications, Beijing 100854, China

Received:2021-09-09 Online:2022-02-10 Published:2022-02-16
Contact: WANG Jian E-mail:wangjian@bjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文章针对司法场景下的事务数据分类、实体类型及电子证据在实际应用中的存储与共享访问等需求,结合区块链技术,提出一种面向司法审判场景的电子数据安全存储链式结构。该结构分为司法联盟链JudChain和证据存储链EviChain两部分,实现对司法流程数据和电子证据的高效管理和安全存储,且具有完整的节点认证及区块生成流程。此外,文章还提出了应用于JudChain的共识协议,该协议对传统PBFT算法进行改进,降低了共识开销和交易时延,提升了共识效率和吞吐量。

关键词: 区块链, 电子证据, 数据存储, 共识机制, 实用拜占庭容错算法

Abstract:

According to the requirements of judicial data classification, entity types and storage and sharing of electronic evidence in practical application, combined with blockchain technology and fully considering its security and efficiency, this paper proposed a blockchain-based structure for secure storage of electronic evidence in judicial scene. With complete node authentication scheme and block generation process, this structure is composed of a judiciary alliance chain called JudChain and a storage chain for electronic evidence named EviChain, which realized efficient management and secure storage of judicial data and electronic evidence. Furthermore, this paper proposed a consensus protocol applied to JudChain, which comprehensively improves the traditional PBFT algorithm to reduce consensus overhead and transaction delay, and improve consensus efficiency and throughput.

Key words: blockchain, electronic evidence, data storage, consensus mechanism, practical Byzantine fault tolerance

中图分类号:

TP309

王健, 张蕴嘉, 刘吉强, 陈志浩. 基于区块链的司法数据管理及电子证据存储机制[J]. 信息网络安全, 2022, 22(2): 21-31.

WANG Jian, ZHANG Yunjia, LIU Jiqiang, CHEN Zhihao. Blockchain-based Mechanism for Judicial Data Management and Electronic Evidence Storage[J]. Netinfo Security, 2022, 22(2): 21-31.

图/表 16

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图6

表4

图7

表5

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 26

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符号	含义
x_i	节点i的私钥
y_i	节点i的公钥
ID_i	节点i的身份标识符
PK_i	权威节点i的属性公钥
MSK_i	权威节点i的属性主密钥

符号	含义
Client	共识算法请求节点
Mnode	共识算法主节点
Bnode_i	共识算法备份节点i
n_i_-_j	节点i与节点j间的双向秘密参数
a	系统定义的序列号低水线
A	系统定义的序列号高水线
q_i	节点i针对请求的回复结果
Q_i	节点i针对请求的回复验证参数
f	系统允许的恶意节点数量最大值

机构	高级/省自治区直辖市级	中级/地级以上市级	基层/县级
人民检察院	0	3	6
人民法院	1	4	7
公安机关	2	5	8

符号	含义
NUM_i	案件i的案件号
Encrypted(i)	对i进行对称加密
K_i	案件i使用的对称密钥
Metadata(i)	i的元数据
Owner_i	证据i的生成者
TYPE_i	证据i的文件类型
NAME_i	证据i的文件名称
TIME_i	证据i的生成时间
POS_i	证据i的生成地点
PARTIES_i	证据i涉及的相关实体
Sig_i	节点i的数字签名
Hash(i)	对i进行哈希计算

安全指标	本文方案	文献[14]方案
去中心化	√	×
不可伪造性	√	√
安全存储	√	√
不可分辨性	√	×
已知密钥安全	√	×

基于区块链的司法数据管理及电子证据存储机制

Blockchain-based Mechanism for Judicial Data Management and Electronic Evidence Storage

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参考文献 26

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