基于Bell态的量子支票协议

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2022.06.004

信息网络安全 ›› 2022, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 38-43.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2022.06.004

基于Bell态的量子支票协议

贾恒越¹^,²(), 刘康婷¹, 武霞¹, 王卯宁¹

1.中央财经大学信息学院,北京 100081
2.北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室,北京 100876

收稿日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-30
通讯作者: 贾恒越 E-mail:jiahengyue@cufe.edu.cn
作者简介:贾恒越（1983—）,女,内蒙古,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为量子密码协议设计|刘康婷（1994—）,女,山东,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为量子密码协议设计|武霞（1987—）,女,山东,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为量子信息|王卯宁（1987—）,女,山东,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为密码算法、区块链技术
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(61772134);国家自然科学基金(61701553);北京市自然科学基金(4194090);网络与交换技术国家重点实验室(北京邮电大学)开放课题资助项目(SKLNST-2018-1-03)

Quantum Cheque Protocol Based on Bell States

JIA Hengyue¹^,²(), LIU Kangting¹, WU Xia¹, WANG Maoning¹

1. School of Information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China

Received:2022-01-10 Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-30
Contact: JIA Hengyue E-mail:jiahengyue@cufe.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于量子力学中的海森堡测不准原理和不可克隆原理,以量子态为载体的量子货币在防伪造、防双花以及抗量子计算方面都具有一定的优势。文章根据银行、支票签发者及接收者的信息进行支票生成、签发及验证的场景,设计了使用Bell态的量子支票协议,并对其正确性、可验证性、不可伪造性、不可否认性、防篡改性等方面进行了分析。与现有量子支票方案相比较,文章方案降低了所需量子态的纠缠要求,提高了可行性。

关键词: 量子支票, 量子货币, Bell态

Abstract:

Based on Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and non-cloning principle in quantum mechanics, quantum money with quantum states as the carrier has certain advantages in anti-counterfeiting, anti-double-spending and anti-quantum computing. In this paper, according to the scenarios of bank, cheque issuer and receiver for cheque generation, issuance and verification, a quantum cheque protocol using Bell state is proposed, and its correctness, verifiability, unforgeability, non-repudiation and tamper-proof are analyzed. Compared with the existing quantum cheque schemes, this protocol reduces the requirement of quantum entanglement and improves the feasibility of implementation.

Key words: quantum cheque, quantum money, Bell state

中图分类号:

TP309

贾恒越, 刘康婷, 武霞, 王卯宁. 基于Bell态的量子支票协议[J]. 信息网络安全, 2022, 22(6): 38-43.

JIA Hengyue, LIU Kangting, WU Xia, WANG Maoning. Quantum Cheque Protocol Based on Bell States[J]. Netinfo Security, 2022, 22(6): 38-43.

图/表 3

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参考文献 30

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Bell基测量结果	Alice执行的Pauli操作	粒子${{B}_{i}}$和${{C}_{i}}$所处状态
$\left\| {{\Phi }^{+}} \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Phi }^{-}} \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Psi }^{+}} \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $
$\left\| {{\Psi }^{-}} \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $

银行测量前${{B}_{i}}$和${{C}_{i}}$所处状态	${{B}_{i}}$测量结果	银行执行的Pauli操作	${{C}_{i}}$所处状态
${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 00 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 11 \right\rangle $	$\left\| + \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
	$\left\| - \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| \text{1}0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| \text{0}1 \right\rangle $	$\left\| + \right\rangle $	$I$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $
	$\left\| - \right\rangle $	${{\sigma }_{z}}$	${{\alpha }_{i}}\left\| 0 \right\rangle +{{\beta }_{i}}\left\| 1 \right\rangle $

基于Bell态的量子支票协议

Quantum Cheque Protocol Based on Bell States

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