多方量子保密比较的新型模型设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2019.08.005

信息网络安全 ›› 2019, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (8): 29-35.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1122.2019.08.005

多方量子保密比较的新型模型设计

张可佳^1,^2,³, 张帆¹, 马春光²(), 张龙¹

1.黑龙江大学数学科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150080
2.哈尔滨工程大学计算机科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150000
3.北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室,北京 100876

收稿日期:2019-01-25 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2020-05-11
作者简介:
作者简介：张可佳（1987—）,男,黑龙江,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为安全协议设计与分析、量子密码、量子计算;张帆（1993—）,女,黑龙江,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为量子密码协议设计与分析;马春光（1974—）,男,黑龙江,教授,博士,主要研究方向为密码学、数据安全与隐私、云计算安全、区块链等;张龙（1976—）,男,黑龙江,教授,博士,主要研究方向为密码学、信息安全。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金[61802118];黑龙江省自然科学基金[A2016007];黑龙江省博士后面上项目[LBH-Z17048];北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室开放课题[SKLNST-2018-1-07]

New Models to Design Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Protocols

Kejia ZHANG^1,^2,³, Fan ZHANG¹, Chunguang MA²(), Long ZHANG¹

1. School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080, China
2. School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150000, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China

Received:2019-01-25 Online:2019-08-10 Published:2020-05-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来,多方量子保密比较（MQPC）引起了学术界广泛的关注并取得了一系列重要的理论进展,其主要目的是如何在量子力学基本原理的保障下让n个参与方在不泄露各自秘密信息的前提下判断他们的秘密是否相等。在协议设计的研究中,文章相继提出两种新型的多方量子保密比较一般模型——Circle模型和Tree模型,并分别在半诚实第三方的帮助下设计了两个基于n维单光子和n维n粒子GHZ态的MQPC协议。通过深入的研究发现,这两个协议可以由现有的单光子测量技术实现,并且能够有效地抵抗外部攻击和参与方攻击（包括半诚实第三方攻击）。实验结果显示,文中提出的两个协议能够保证正确性、公平性、安全性和较高的比较效率。

关键词: 多方量子保密比较, 参与方攻击, 外部攻击, 半诚实第三方

Abstract:

Recently, multi-party quantum private comparison(MQPC) has attracted more and more attentions and has made considerable theoretical progress. Its main purpose is how to let the n participants judge whether their secrets are equal or not under the guarantee of the basic principles of quantum mechanics. In the research of MQPC, two basic designing models named Circle-model and Tree-model are presented in this paper. Two specific MQPC protocols with n-level single photon and n-dimensional n-particle GHZ states are proposed. From our analysis, it can be seen that the above protocols could be implemented by the existing single particle measurement technology and resist against outside attack and participant attack(the semi-honest third party attack). It can be concluded that correctness, fairness, security and higher efficiency can be guaranteed in proposed protocols.

Key words: multi-party quantum private comparison, participant attack, outside attack, semi-honest third party

中图分类号:

TP309

张可佳, 张帆, 马春光, 张龙. 多方量子保密比较的新型模型设计[J]. 信息网络安全, 2019, 19(8): 29-35.

Kejia ZHANG, Fan ZHANG, Chunguang MA, Long ZHANG. New Models to Design Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Protocols[J]. Netinfo Security, 2019, 19(8): 29-35.

图/表 3

参考文献 21

[1]	BENNETT C H, BRASSARD G. Quantum Cryptography: Public Key Distribution and Coin Tossing[EB/OL]. , 2018-11-22.
[2]	ZHANG Long, SUN Hongwei, ZHANG Kejia, et al.The Security Problems in Some Novel Arbitrated Quantum Signature Protocols[J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2017, 56(8): 2433-2444.
[3]	ZHANG Kejia, ZHANG Weiwei, LI Dan.Improving the Security of Arbitrated Quantum Signature Against the Forgery Attack[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2013, 12(8): 2655-2669.
[4]	CHEN Li, GU Chunxiang, SHANG Mingjun.Efficient Blind Signature Scheme Against Quantum Attacks[J]. Netinfo Security, 2017, 17(10): 36-41.
	陈莉,顾纯祥,尚明君.抗量子攻击的高效盲签名方案[J].信息网络安全,2017,17(10):36-41.
[5]	BAI Chenming, LI Zhihui, XU Tingting, et al.A Generalized Information Theoretical Model for Quantum Secret Sharing[J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2016, 55(11): 4972-4986.
[6]	LIU Chengji, LI Zhihui, SI Mengmeng, et al.Quantum-secret-sharing Scheme Based on Local Distinguishability of Orthogonal Six-qudit Entangled States[J]. Netinfo Security, 2018, 18(4): 56-64.
	刘成基,李志慧,司萌萌,等.基于局域区分的六粒子正交纠缠态的量子秘密分享方案[J].信息网络安全,2018,18(4):56-64.
[7]	WANG Chuan, DENG Fuguo, LI Yansong, et al. Quantum Secure Direct Communication with High-dimension Quantum Superdense Coding[EB/OL]. , 2018-11-21.
[8]	GAO Fei, LIU Bin, HUANG Wei, et al.Postprocessing of the Oblivious Key in Quantum Private Query[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2015, 21(3): 98-108.
[9]	CHEN Xiubi, XU Gang, YANG Yixian, et al.An Efficient Protocol for the Secure Multi-party Quantum Summation[J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2010, 49(11): 2793-2804.
[10]	LO H K.Insecurity of Quantum Secure Computations[J]. Physical Review A, 1996, 56(2): 1154-1162.
[11]	YANG Yuguang, XIA Juan, JIA Xin, et al.Comment on Quantum Private Comparison Protocols with a Semi-honest Third Party[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2013, 12(2): 877-885.
[12]	LIU Bin, GAO Fei, JIA Hengyue, et al.Efficient Quantum Private Comparison Employing Single Photons and Collective Detection[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2013, 12(2): 887-897.
[13]	LIU Wen, WANG Yongbin, CUI Wei.Quantum Private Comparison Protocol Based on Bell Entangled States[J]. Communications in Theoretical Physics, 2012, 57(4): 583-588.
[14]	LIN J, YANG Chunwei, HWANG T.Quantum Private Comparison of Equality Protocol without a Third Party[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2014, 13(2): 239-247.
[15]	LIU Wen, WANG Yongbin.Quantum Private Comparison Based on GHZ Entangled States[J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2012, 51(11): 3596-3604.
[16]	ZHOU Mingkuai.Improvements of Quantum Private Comparison Protocol Based on Cluster States[J]. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 2018, 57(1): 42-47.
[17]	CHANG Y J, TSAI C W, HWANG T.Multi-user Private Comparison Protocol Using GHZ Class States[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2013, 12(2): 1077-1088.
[18]	GAO Fei, QIN Sujuan, WEN Qiaoyan, et al.A simple Participant Attack on the Bradler Dusek Protocol[J]. Quantum Information and Computation, 2007, 7(4): 329-334.
[19]	FAHMI A, GOLSHANI M.Comment on “Quantum Key Distribution in the Holevo Limit”[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2000, 85(1): 5635-5643.
[20]	WANG Qingle, SUN Hongxiang, HUANG Wei.Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Protocol with n-level Entangled States[J]. Quantum Information Processing, 2014, 13(11): 2375-2389.
[21]	JI Zhaoxu, YE Tianyu. Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Based on the Entanglement Swapping of d-level Cat States and d-level Bell States[EB/OL]. , 2018-11-22.

	文献[20] 协议1	文献[20] 协议2	文献[21]	Circle 模型	Tree模型
量子态	d维n粒子纠缠态和2粒子纠缠态	d维2粒子纠缠态	d维n+1粒子cat态和d维2粒子Bell态	单光子	n维n粒子GHZ态
TP应用的量子测量	d维单光子测量	d维2粒子测量	d维n+1粒子cat态测量	单光子测量	n维单光子测量
参与方应用的量子测量	d维单光子测量	无	d维2粒子Bell态测量	无	无
TP应用的幺正操作	无	无	无	无	无
参与方应用的幺正操作	无	是	是	是	是
量子存储	是	是	是	是	是
量子技术	QFT	量子相位操作	量子纠缠交换	QFT和相位操作	QFT和移位操作
效率	$\frac{L}{3nL}$	$\frac{L}{2L}$	$\frac{L}{3nl+L}$	1	$\frac{L}{nL}$

多方量子保密比较的新型模型设计

New Models to Design Multi-party Quantum Private Comparison Protocols

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 3

参考文献 21

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价